Nursing Buddy

In North America, nursing and health services were slow to be established before the American Revolution (1775 – 1783). One notable organization was the Nurse Society of Philadelphia, which gave women minimal instruction in obstetrics to enable them to provide maternity nursing services in home settings.
During the American Civil War, several nurses emerged who were [...]

The intellectual revolution of the 18th and 19th centuries led to a scientific revolution. With the discovery and exploration of new continents, an economic revolution evolved, after which nations became more interdependent through trade. The Industrial Revolution displaced workers from cottage craftsmen to factory laborers. With these changes came stressors to health. New illnesses, transmitted [...]

Many of the world’s religions encourage benevolence, but it was the Christians value of “love thy neighbor as thyself” that had a significant impact on the development if Western nursing. The principle of caring was established with Christ’s parable of the Good Samaritan providing care for a tired and injured stranger. Converts to Christianity during [...]

Person/Client: A whole, complete, and independent being who has 14  fundamental needs to breathe, eat and drink, eliminate, move and maintain posture, sleep and rest, dress and undress, maintain body temperature, keep clean, avoid danger, communicate, worship, work, play and learn.
Environment: The aggregate of the external conditions and influences affecting the [...]

Nightingale’s Environmental Theory
Florence Nightingale, the “mother of modern nursing,” considered nursing to be a religious calling to be fulfilled only by women. Her theory focused on the environment, although this term never appeared in her writings. She linked health with five environmental factors: (1) pure or fresh air (2) pure water [...]

Rogers’s Science of Unitary Human Beings
Martha Rogers first presented her theory of unitary human beings in 1970. She views the person as an irreducible whole, the whole being greater than the sum of its parts. Whole is differentiated from holistic, the latter often being used to mean only the sum of [...]

Roy’s Adaptation Model
Sister Callista Roy’s adaptation model, originating in 1970, is widely used by nurse educators, researchers, and practitioners. Roy focuses on the individual as a biopsychosocial adaptive system. Both the individual and the environment are sources of stimuli that require modification to promote adaptation, an ongoing purposive response. Adaptive [...]